Extracardiac Diseases and Miscellaneous

This section will include an overview of many miscellaneous and extracardiac conditions that can manifest ECG changes.

This includes but is not limited to:

• Respiratory disorders: such as COPD and pulmonary embolism that can present with particular ECG changes associated with elevated right heart pressures.

• Neurologic disorders: such as subarachnoid hemorrhages or strokes that can present with a myriad of ECG changes, such as diffuse ST-T abnormalities and/or prolonged QTc.

• Post-cardiac surgery ECGs: such as post-operative pericarditis, atrial fibrillation, and so on.

• Artifacts: such as pacing artifacts, muscle tremors, wandering baseline, and how to recognize these artifacts, especially when they mimic other conditions (such as atrial flutter or ventricular tachycardia).